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http://www.webmedcentral.com/images/Header_Logo.giftext/html2011-12-23T18:18:09+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Smita MahapatraEpithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma of Parotid - A Rare Case Report
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/2566
Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma (EMC) is a rare tumor of salivary gland which presented in a 65 year old female as a swelling behind the right ear. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the swelling was suggestive of pleomorphic adenoma. Grossly, the tumor was well circumscribed. Histologically, the tumor was composed of ducts with double cell lining surrounded by a basement membrane in a sclerotic stroma. The inner cells were epithelial and the outer cells were myoepithelial, with clear cytoplasm. The immunohistochemistry was done to highlight the biphasic nature of the tumor whose cytoplasm was positive for actin. The patient diagnosed as Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma was treated with wide surgical excision. Reports of EMC are still relatively few with cytology and histology correlation. But, it is recommended that this histologically distinct neoplasm deserves wider recognition.text/html2011-02-21T18:17:06+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Uma A BhosaleInflammatory Cell Reaction: Study Of One Of The Important Prognostic Factors In The Patients Diagnosed Of Colorectal Carcinoma
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/1568
Objectives:Present study has been designed to study the prognostic importance of inflammatory reactionin colorectal carcinoma.Methods:Resected specimens showing presence of colorectal carcinoma were included in the present study. For this study information about history and investigations done was obtained from the clinical charts.The inflammatory reaction was assessed on the basis of general impression of amount of inflammatory cells along the entire tumor edge away from areas of frank abscess formation and scored as 0=prominent inflammatory infiltrate(dense) and score1=inconspicuous inflammatory infiltrate (mild/absent) 1.No attempt was made to evaluate the proportion of the various inflammatory cells unless many eosinophils observed in which case the infiltrate were classified as eosinophilic.The presence of abscesses was also noted separately. The presence of perivascular collection of lymphocytes was noted, even if they were located at some distance from the tumor margin itself.Results and Discussion:In present study total 37 resected colorectal specimens were studied. None of the case with dense lymphoplasmacytic (mononuclear) stromal infiltration showed lymph node metastasis.64.7% of the cases with mild or absent lymphoplasmacytic (mononuclear) stromal infiltration showed involvement of lymph nodes.Lack of inflammatory reaction has more prognostic significance than presence of moderate to intense inflammatory reaction 2. According to Murray D. and Dutton J. (1967) local inflammatory reaction found in 52.7% cases were associated with significantly higher survival rate. According to them lack of inflammation at the periphery of colonic carcinomas was associated with worst prognosis 3.Watt and House H.K. (1978) analyzed that the lymphocytic infiltration at the periphery of the colorectal carcinoma had significant difference in distribution associated with absence of lymph node metastasis and lymph node metastasis tumors of moderate differentiation 4.According to Nacopoulou L.(1981) cellular immune competence as evidenced by lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of tumor cells has been associated with increased patients survival in colon cancer .According to them the 5 year survival rate was higher in the presence of lymphoplasmacytic infiltration 5.Zarbo R.J. (1994) 6 and Compton C.C. (1997) 7 showed that lymphocytic response at the edge of the invasive tumor was a favorable prognostic factor.It has been reported by several investigations that patients whose carcinomas were associated with marked lymphocytic and plasmacytic stromal infiltrate had better prognosis and a lower incidence of lymph node metastasis than patients in whom such as an inflammatory cellular reaction was mild or absent. Eosinophilic infiltration may be associated with a favorable prognosis 2, 3. We were unable to find any independent prognostic influence of eosinophilic infiltrate.
text/html2012-02-13T10:30:07+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Constantino Ledesma-MontesMultifocal Epithelial Hyperplasia. An Unusual Lesion.
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/3003
Multifocal epithelial hyperplasia is a virus related disease affecting the oral mucosa in children and there are reports of this disease in several ethnic groups of the world. The aim of this study is to present the clinical and pathological findings encountered during the review of one 8 years old, Mestizo boy. We found several elevated, soft, smooth surfaced lesions in the buccal mucosa and lower and upper lips mucosa. Microscopically, a parakeratinized, acantotic epithelium was observed. Characteristically, mitosis-like cells were present. His family was in poverty and two brothers and one cousin presented similar lesions.text/html2010-09-30T09:29:30+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Simon TurnerA Rare Case of Invasive Lobular Breast Cancer in a Male
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/824
Male breast cancer is rare, comprising 1% of all breast cancers and 1% of all cancers in men. Unlike in women, in men invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) is very uncommon, making up 1% of all male breast cancers and 0.01% of all cancers in men. In the past, the low incidence of lobular breast cancer in men was thought to be due to a lack of lobular tissue in the male breast. However, the classical understanding of breast cancer development has been reexamined in recent years in the light of new evidence from molecular genetics studies. We present a case of a man with invasive lobular breast cancer. This case supports, and is explained by, an emerging understanding of breast cancer molecular evolution.text/html2010-11-20T01:44:03+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Syeling LaiMetastasis Of C-kit-expressing Prostatic Adenocarcinoma To The Testis: A Case Report
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/1187
Despite the high incidence of prostatic adenocarcinoma and its ability for wide dissemination, metastatic involvement of testis is a rare occurrence. Herein, we report a 56 year-old man with a history of prostatic adenocarcinoma who presented with metastatic disease to testis. Immunostain showed c-KIT expression in the metastatic tumor.text/html2010-12-13T14:57:37+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Genevieve C Digby A Fatal Case Of Histiocytoid Sweets Syndrome And Myelodysplasia Unresponsive To Steroid Treatment: A Case And Review Of The Literature
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/1351
We describe a fatal case of histiocytoid Sweet’s syndrome in a patient with myelodysplasia that was refractory to multiple therapies, including steroids. Though corticosteroids are classically the initial treatment for Sweet’s syndrome, other factors should be considered. Patients with concurrent myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), or other hematologic malignancies, are often unresponsive to conventional therapies. We discuss the range of treatment options and importance of the initiation of alternative therapies early in the course of a patient with Sweet’s syndrome who is becoming increasingly resistant to steroids.text/html2011-04-19T19:22:31+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Mr. Joel FriedmanMyolipoma: A clinical-Radiologic-Pathologic Mimic of Malignant Retroperitoneal Tumors
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/1878
Myolipoma is a rare benign soft tissue tumor that can mimic a malignant retroperitoneal tumor. It consists of mature adipose tissue mixed with bundles of well-differentiated smooth muscle cells, and is most often found in the retroperitoneum and abdomen. It can grow to a large size, and is often found late as an incidental finding due to non-specific abdominal and pelvic discomfort or pain. Imaging will reflect the dual composition of the mass, with the possibility of a soft tissue sarcoma high on the differential. Histologically, the differential diagnosis is well-differentiated/dedifferentiated liposarcoma, lipoleiomyosarcoma, spindle-cell lipoma, angiolipoma, angiomyolipoma, and leiomyoma with fatty degeneration. Surgical removal is usually necessary, since myolipomas in the retroperitoneum can be very large. A myolipoma is completely benign, has no metastatic potential, and has not been reported to recur in all of the cases to date, therefore an accurate diagnosis is essential.text/html2012-02-09T14:46:01+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Antonio ManentiLymphatic Network of the Common Bile Duct
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/2983
The fine lymphatic network of the hepatic pedicle and of the common bile duct, as proved by immunohistochemical tecniques, plays an important role in many clinical syndromes. Common bile duct is supported by absorbing and collector lymphatics inducing a possible regulation of the flowing fluid besides that purely mechanical of conduction. The absence of valves in lymphatics allows an inversion of direction of lymph flow towards the liver, especially when the main abdominal lymphatic trunks are involved by cancer disease.text/html2012-02-14T10:31:28+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Constantino Ledesma-MontesA Recurent Subcutaneous Lipoma of the Para-Parotid Area
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/3000
Lipomas are infrequent tumors of the parotid area; they usually present a benign, slow growth and rarely recur. The aim of this article is to report a unique case of a giant, recurrent lipoma with benign microscopic appearance located subcutaneously in the para-parotid area of a 42 year-old, male patient. After one year of the initial excision, patient returned with a larger tumor in the same area. Excision was done and a diagnosis of a recurrent giant lipoma was rendered. The patient is in close follow-up for the possibility of a well differentiated liposarcoma. We present a discussion on histogenesis of lipomas and stress on the need to make a careful review of the slides from recurrent lipomas in order to rule out well differentiated liposarcomas.text/html2012-11-30T20:32:43+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Prof. Sergio E CurySporadic Pheochromocytoma: Anapathologic, Immunohistochemical and Cytogenetic Aspects Associated with the Occurrence of Metastasis: A Literature Review
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/3860
The safe distinction between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas is still an unsolved problem from the standpoint of the pathological diagnosis. In most cases, the decision is thus based on the occurrence of metastasis as the only unambiguous evidence of malignancy. This paper reviews the literature and shows that, although there are positive correlations between anatomopathological, immunohistochemical and cytogenetic findings, the independent analysis of each factor does not establish the ultimate prognosis of malignancy. It is therefore suggested an integrated wide analysis of all factors in an attempt to predilection of the metastatic potential of sporadic pheochromocytomas, especially when there is a positive correlation between all the criteria, particularly in the detection of 5% or more of positive nuclei for MIB-1 or CD44 -S negative immunostaining, or both. When 10 or more chromosomal changes are noticed in comparative genomic hybridization, malignancy should be strongly suggested.text/html2015-06-17T06:01:00+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Okom OfodileHuman Cartilage Glycoprotein 39(HC-gp39) sits on the Nucleus of the Human Life:Dislodging Sudden Cardiac Death. Dedicated to the Memory of Nwakaibie Gladstone N. OFODILE
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/4908
There is now abundant evidence that atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that develops as a consequence of entrapment of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the arterial intima and its interaction with components of both innate and adaptive immunity. Emerging body of evidence supports the notion that a plethora of inflammatory molecules interact with the complement, oxidized and enzymatic modified LDL, working in concert, with the Toll-like receptor proteins, drive the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic lesions. The entrapment of oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) in the arterial intima is intimately associated with the accumulation of oxidized and ubiquitinated proteins, and, involving concomitantly the inhibition ubiquitin proteosome pathway in the heart. Therefore, this calls inevitably for a process that can mediate the elimination of misfolded, polyubiquinated protein aggregate during ischemia. This, thus, suggests that regulated autophagy should be vital to Human Life. A large body of data has implicated HC-gp39 in the pathogenesis of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases and related conditions. In this continuum, recently emerging data suggest that HC-gp39 might interact with both low density liporotein(LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) and Lipoprotein (a), and in a complex chain of events profoundly impact both thromboembolic stroke and myocardial infarction. In this context, large quantities of HC-gp39 are found in human atherosclerotic plaques. As disclosed by a plethora of laboratories, HC-gp39 serum levels directly correlate with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality , and all-cause mortality, unstable angina, left ventricular dysfunction, propensity to diabetes and its complications, hypertension, obesity and several types of cancer. These make a case indicating that defining the mechanisms by which HC-gp39 exerts its biological effects will significantly help in the development of targeted approaches to counteract these diseases.
Keywords: Innate Immunity; Inflammation; Cell Death; Hormesis; Hearttext/html2015-10-05T08:07:12+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Syeling LaiC-Kit and Bcl-2 Expression in Testicular Cancer
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/4987
Alterations of C-Kit and Bcl-2 have been shown to play important roles in many types of human cancers. Although there are emerging studies of C-Kit in testicular cancer biology, the significance of Bcl-2 in testicular neoplasms has not been well understood. We studied C-Kit and Bcl-2 expressions by immunohistochemistry in 18 testicular cancers including 8 seminomas, 7 mixed germ cell tumors, 1 metastatic adenocarcinoma, 1 leiomyosarcoma and 1 large cell lymphoma. We found that C-Kit was diffusely and strongly expressed in seminomas and metastatic adenocarcinoma, while only focal weak to moderate C-Kit positivity was shown in seminomatous and nonseminomatous components of mixed germ cell tumor. Bcl-2 expression was seen in metastatic adenocarcinoma and lymphoma with focal weak reactivity in leiomyosarcoma, but not in seminoma and mixed germ cell tumors. Our findings may be helpful in differential diagnosis primary and metastatic testicular cancer and in targeted therapy.