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http://www.webmedcentral.com/images/Header_Logo.giftext/html2013-06-27T07:36:54+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Iresh R BhattacharjeeSelf Gravity: The Major Investigation Gap in Life Science (Part II)
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/4296
In part I of the article, it is conceptualized that biomass accumulated through photosynthesis and other build-up mechanism within volume of secluded structure serve as foundation. Build up and break down mechanism through anabolism and catabolism of metabolic energy causes a change in the amount of mass per unit volume at particular instant leading to contraction out of self gravitational potential energy and relaxation due to inertia plus kinetic energy of metabolic activity within volume of membrane bound mass. Metabolically inert infrastructure or buoyant force of fluids secludes self gravitating body from external stronger gravitational field and helps to maintain self gravity’s free fall condition. With collapse of equilibrium between contraction and relaxation of self gravity, stronger force of extrinsic gravity makes living mass inert non-living.
Under the principle of abductive reasoning through successive approximation on sporadic set of observations, roles of self gravity on identical astrophysical principles of larger mass have been conceptualized. Faster growth of heavier cells, adjustment of mass-to-volume ratio, ‘macromolecular crowding’ and ‘anomalous sub-diffusion’, bilateral symmetry and convectional morphogenic development in animals, genetic and structural sophistications based on mass, isostatic balance in plant and animal, rhythmic pattern of growth, mimics of contraction-expansion phases, decline in biological growth rate with increase in mass were explained through potential gravitational energy and kinetic metabolic energy. Plant spacing and gravitation, mass balance in plants, biotensegrity, ‘tight’ and ‘relaxed’ mechanism in endothelial cell junctions, fetus or self gravity friendly postures for load distribution during prolonged space journey, physiological crisis on withdrawal of inertial gravitational anchor in microgravity including affect of interactions of self gravity and planetary gravity on evolutionary process, presence of self gravity at mesoscopic length scale and importance of designing biological structure on making 4D Architectural Information Modeling (4D AIM) for visualizing entire duration of construction events were discussed.text/html2012-09-03T18:37:22+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Iresh R BhattacharjeeInvisible Force of Self Gravity: A Gap Area of Investigation in Life Science
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/3672
On the principle of abductive reasoning through successive approximation on sporadic set of evidences, explanation is sought on the possible role of invisible force of self gravity in biological mass. For instance, phenomena of self organization in living cells are now considered epigenetic in origin. It is theorized that invisible force of self gravity may be responsible for self organization of macromolecules at and beyond organelles. Buoyant like force (neutral buoyancy) apparently reduce weight of living mass on counteracting stronger extrinsic gravitational force and facilitate self gravity’s miniature free fall condition. Metabolism stops under reduced fluid level due to imbalance in gravitational-hydrostatic equilibrium within the cellular structure stressing the importance of metabolically inert infrastructure (MII) as cell’s environment. It is also proposed that gravitational anchor is a criterion for manifestation as living. As central position is vital for compressive self gravitating body, nucleoid, nucleolis or nucleus act as the ‘core’ segment of the self gravitating interior of living cell and under neutral buoyant condition, central attraction could change concentric to eccentric nucleus. Energy producing organelles or sites (mitochondria, chloroplast etc.) is thought to be located away from the central load of the gravitating body. Physical parameters influenced by self gravity determine biological growth rate. Quantity of mass is assumed to be important criteria towards structural sophistication, in generating metabolic energy, in manifestation of all morphological symmetries. Self gravity also seems to mimic miscellaneous role including isostatic balance, rhythmic growth on identical astrophysical principles of larger mass.text/html2017-06-05T09:36:23+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Deepak GuptaWormhole of Mind
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/5306
I never realized that my recent awakening about the existence of Einstein-Rosen bridges (wormholes) in the space-time fabric will lead me to revisit one of my all time favorite movie - Ghost (1990) [1]. When Sam the Ghost is searching for poltergeist in the subway, it was portrayed that while standing on the subway platform, Sam the Ghost poked his face into the high speed train going past by to scan the traveling subway cars for the poltergeist whom he was looking for. How does this depiction of peeping fit into our existence? I will attempt to elaborate as I put forth my theoretical perspective about the dreams.
Reading Parallel Worlds: A Journey Through Creation, Higher Dimensions and The Future of The Cosmos (2005) [2] inspired and reading The Future of The Mind: The Scientific Quest to Understand, Enhance, and Empower The Mind (2014) [3] affirmed the notion wherein I may NOT be alone in theorizing, "Why and how do we dream?" and "What worlds do our dreams represent?" [4]
For my own better understanding, I envisaged a simplistic model. My first assumption was that the space-time fabric is unidirectional and treading a linear path as it moves ahead. Next assumption was that everything in the universe is stationary except for our earth that is moving in its orbit around its sun. As earth completes its one year around the sun, it can NOT return to its original coordinates within the space-time fabric because the space-time coordinates have linearly moved ahead by the magnitude of one year. This forward movement in the space-time fabric essentially creates helical orbits for our earth as it moves along. Now the final assumption is how large or how small the distance between me standing stationary on the earth in the space-time fabric at year-0 and me standing stationary again on the earth in the space-time fabric at year-1 is. Do dreams during sleep mean our minds traveling back and forth across this small or large distance as similar to traveling across wormhole at speed of light? Who knew that the portrayal of Sam the Ghost [1] as a potential peeper across the planes within the space-time fabric may be able to unintentionally throw light to lead me forward into my theory. This simplistic model assumed that the space-time fabric is unidirectional moving linearly as shown in Figure 1 wherein as compared to being too distant from Point-C (where earth is almost half-way into completing the year-12), Point-B (where earth has just moved past year-11) appears too close to Point-A (where earth has just moved past year-10) and this proximity is all because of helical orbiting of earth over the space-time fabric. Now one can only wonder what happens if the space-time fabric is anything but linear and thereafter, the distance between me standing stationary on the earth in the space-time fabric at year-x and me standing stationary again on the earth in the space-time fabric at year-y can be anywhere from almost-zilch to almost-infinity. Analogously, that may be the reason why sometimes, whatever we visualize in our dreams seems realizable in our very near-future, with analogous proximity (by distance and time) of Point-A and Point-B in Figure 1, while at other times, the feasibility of whatever visualized in our dreams seems infinitesimal small within our limited lifetimes. In Figure 1, this is analogous to seemingly far removed (by time) Point-B and Point-D despite possible proximity (by distance) when we assume that each helical ring is separated by Planck length [5], the smallest distance known to science (1.6 x 10-35 m) but z-number of years in real time has to elapse for two points to come that closer within the helix, and hence it may be assumed that when we dream, as similar to the portrayal of Sam the Ghost [1] peeking at Point-B from Point-D, we may be so near to what we see and yet so far removed in time from what we see. Who knows if the "prophecies" documented by Nostradamus [6-8] might actually have been his visualizations across the wormholes within his "mind". Who knows if the "Tesseract" scene depiction in the movie - Interstellar (2014) [9] may be difficult at macro-level with the "physical" body but conceptually possible at micro-level within the "dreamy" mind.
Although reality may neither be as simple as the simplistic model nor be as linear as the assumed linear helical model, the peeking from Point-D into Point-B in the future can only presume what we will be when we reach at Point-B after a definite period of time but space may have moved/altered by then, whereas the peeking from Point-B into Point-D in the past will see what we were when we were at Point-D but we may never know when we were at Point-D as altered space may interfere with the calculation of time. It is interesting to see how counterintuitive it is that our sleep may be the only one opening up channels to peek into our past or our future or our infinite co-existences in the parallel worlds, whereas our wakefulness may hide our ability to see through the matrix unless we consider being well-trained and astute in "thoughtless meditation devoid of distracting thoughts blinding our minds" which may be our awakening to at-least mind-travel across the wormholes. Alternatively, the future biomedical research can explore the biochemistry of the human brain that can open up the wormholes of human mind as similar to the biochemistry behind our dreams [10-12] whose analogous pathways may be getting expressed unintentionally among the psychiatric patients as hallucinations induced by endogenous neurotransmitters' imbalance or explored rebelliously by the outlaws as hallucinations self-inflicted by consumption of exogenous illicit substances. Interestingly with potential analogy, there is Star Trek: The Original Series [13] that is often cited to have coined the term "Reality Distortion Field" which has been often associated with Steve Jobs [14-15], the co-founder of Apple Inc.
In summary, it seems like I am dreaming about the dreams to realize that my existence in the parallel worlds may only be accessible via the automated journey of my mind during the sleep that opens up the wormholes to give me a peek through my personal Einstein-Rosen bridges in the space-time fabric. text/html2011-12-07T17:12:36+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Kang ChengBiomedical Infophysics Models of Meridian Channel System
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/2555
In our recent previous study, we in anatomy and histology modeled meridian channels as a physiological system based on published biomedical data. We think, the meridian system is mostly constructed with interstices in or between other physiological systems; major components in the meridians are loosen connective tissues that consist of electrolytes, cells and proteins; the electrolytes provide rich fluids and ions for processing, propagation or transportation of information, matter and energy in the meridians. In this research, we propose infophysics models to answer how information, matter and energy are processed, propagandized, or transported in the meridians. We apply thermodynamics to macroscopically present relationships of entropy, energy, work, heat, pressure, volume and temperature; physics involves the two laws of thermodynamics, van der Waal’s equation, Gibbs equation and Maxwell’s equations of thermodynamics. We apply classic statistical mechanics to microscopically elucidate information amount and matter (or energy) flux for the complicated irreversible process; physics involves Gibbs entropy, Onsager method or formulation, such as heat conduction density (Fourier law), particle diffusion density (Fick law), electric current density (Ohm law), or shear stress of viscosity (Newton law), Poisson-Boltzmann equation and Boltzmann equation. We apply electrodynamics to macroscopically describe electromagnetic fields and ions motion; physics involves Maxwell’s equations of electrodynamics, Newtonian momentum transfer equation, Ohm’s law, Lorentz forces, Bernoulli’s separation method, conservations of charges and masses, and Poynting’s theorem. We apply constitutive equation in fluid mechanics to indicate stress - strain relationship. We apply Schrodinger equation in quantum statistical mechanics to estimate ion channel currents. We also think information has different expressions and levels (forms). In a view of sciences, there are expressions of physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, et al. In a view of arts, there are expressions of songs, music, photos, draws, tables, words, et al. In a view of physics, the highest level of information contains related or correlated equations, such as Maxwell equations of electromagnetism or thermodynamics, Newton’s laws of mechanics, Einstein’s relativities; the higher level of information is a theoretic formula, such as Schrodinger equation, Boltzmann entropy formula, Newton’s gravitational law; the middle level of information is a function, such as a natural exponential function; the basic level of information is a property or an attribute of a function, e.g., a frequency of a wave function. Lower level information can be resolved or expressed with or included in higher level information, e.g., dual properties of wave and particle of an electron can be expressed with a probability wave function, and the function can be included in and resolved with Schrodinger equation.Keywords: Interstices, Electrolytes, Thermodynamics, Electrodynamics, Entropy, Statistical, Fluidtext/html2012-02-14T12:12:24+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Karo MichaelianThermodynamic Function Of Life
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/974
Darwinian Theory portrays life as being overwhelmingly consumed by a fight for survival in a hostile environment. However, from a thermodynamic perspective, life is a dynamic, out of equilibrium process, stabilizing and coevolving in concert with its abiotic environment. The living component of the biosphere on the surface of the Earth of greatest biomass, the plants and cyanobacteria, are involved in the transpiration of vast amounts of water. Transpiration is part of the global water cycle, and it is this cycle that distinguishes Earth from its apparently life barren neighboring planets, Venus and Mars. The dissipation of sunlight into heat in the biosphere and the ensuing water cycle, is by far the greatest entropy producing process occurring on Earth. Life, from this perspective, can therefore be viewed as performing an important thermodynamic function; acting as a dynamic catalyst by aiding abiotic process such as the water cycle, hurricanes, and ocean and wind currents to produce entropy. The role of animals in this view is that of unwitting but dedicated servants of the plants and cyanobacteria, helping them to grow and to spread into initially inhospitable areas.text/html2012-11-30T20:32:05+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Iresh R BhattacharjeeSome More Gap Areas of Investigation on Exploring Affect of Invisible Force of Self Gravity in Living Mass
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/3857
On the principle of abductive reasoning through successive approximation on sporadic set of evidences; explanation is sought on the possible role of invisible force of self gravity in biological mass. Self organization of biological macromolecules is affected by self gravity. Nucleic acid having highest molar mass is naturally attracted on priority among other macromolecules and is compressed to the centre of the cell by the force of self gravity making it tightly packed under free floating fluidic cellular environment. Proteins having intermediate molecular weight preferably remain in-between position of the cell. Fats and lipids having lowest density would stay behind, especially at the periphery in the cell membrane under principle of ‘less dense material - lesser attraction of self gravity’. Protein sphericity is assumed when the strength of dipole moment gets weaker with increase in distance from central position, tensile and compressive gravity gradients of self gravity might get increase with increase in mass and tend to fold the backbone of the polypeptide chains to a globular conformation at the ‘farthest point’ similar to ‘fountain effect’ with ‘central tendency’. Native conformation, denaturation and renaturation of protein are thought to be due to self gravity for getting united or reunited after withdrawal of external force that would cause denaturation of protein. Elongated fibrous proteins can also attain sphericity when local effect can be augmented. Equation of state under hydrostatic equilibrium can explain phenomena like heavier cells to grow faster than lighter cells or cell density to increase prior to bud formation.text/html2013-06-27T07:36:00+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Iresh R BhattacharjeeSelf Gravity: The Major Investigation Gap in Life Science (Part I)
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/4279
Potential binding energy of self gravity acts universally on mass which is being ignored in living world at mesoscopic length scale without tangible reason. It is conceptualized that biomass accumulated through photosynthesis and other build-up mechanism within volume of secluded structure serve as foundation. Within membrane bound volume of mass, build up and break down mechanism through anabolism and catabolism of metabolic energy causes a change in the amount of mass per unit volume at particular instant leading to contraction out of gravitational potential energy and relaxation due to inertia plus kinetic energy of metabolic activity, develops pressure with gain or release of temperature. Background tension within volume causes mass to move asynchronously at low frequencies and continues to function as ‘life’. Kinetic energy producing organelles (mitochondria, chloroplast) remain away from central load. Self gravity attracts denser materials to its core leading to sorting and self assembling of mass according to density-gradient of macromolecules. Nucleic acid having higher density finds place as ‘core’, medium denser protein in intermediate and least dense fat in the periphery. Metabolically inert infrastructure or buoyant force of fluids secludes self gravitating body from external stronger gravitational field and helps to maintain self gravity’s free fall condition. With collapse of equilibrium between contraction and relaxation of self gravity, stronger force of extrinsic gravity makes living mass inert non-living.
Under the principle of abductive reasoning through successive approximation on sporadic set of observations, roles of self gravity on identical astrophysical principles of larger mass have been conceptualized on some evidences detailed in Part I and II of the article. Various interior dynamics including self organization of macromolecules, protein conformation, movement of human thoracic diaphragm, formation of logarithmic spiral in nature were discussed in the light of potential energy of self gravity and kinetic energy of metabolic energy.text/html2018-01-05T05:37:58+01:00http://www.webmedcentral.com/Dr. Iresh R BhattacharjeeBiological microworld vis-a-vis astrophysical world of gravitation
http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/5418
On completion of few decades of in-house as well as outdoor investigations, the author has come out with the opinion that various little understood phenomena in life science could be compared and explained through gravitation based astrophysical principles. Gravitation plays an extensive role in astrophysical world in macroscopic length scale, or as quantum gravity at microscopic world. The recent detection of gravitational wave in realty might be an eye opener to the biologists. As measure of mass, gravitation has no upper or lower limit, nor does it have any restriction. Unfortunately biological micro-world at mesoscopic scale (10^0 to 10^-12m) is kept outside the purview of gravitation because of historical oversight. Interaction phenomena of mutual gravity are now-a-days getting some attention on initiation of space life science research at microgravity. In biological micro-world, mass has dual role – as measure of gravitational force and as measure of metabolic energy. In astrophysical world- mass works also as gravitational measure and a measure of radiant energy or internal pressure. Fluids constitute 50-90 % of the total biomass. Its buoyant property works as astrophysical distance. Under buoyant property of extra-ordinary quantity of fluid, biomass bounded in closed surface, get advantage of apparent reduced ‘weight’ under same quantity of ‘mass’. In terms of gravitation, distinction between ‘living’ and ‘non-living’ mass has not yet been framed out. Living mass can keep independent gravitation identity because of spontaneous generation of metabolic energy against binding action of self gravity. A ‘planet within planet’ situation arises at macromolecular, cellular and multi-cellular levels bringing self gravity into the scenario, where higher the molar mass and density of macromolecules, higher would be gravitational attraction or conversely, lower the molar mass and density, there would be delay in central attraction. So there is enough scope for comparing astrophysical world of gravitation with biological micro-world, as self and mutual gravitation. The paper examines various aspects of comparing astrophysical world with biological micro-world with support of biological evidences and reasoning, as enumerated in new biophysics topic ‘Self gravitation bio’.